市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷受到環(huán)境的影響，了解下酒店市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷環(huán)境的含義與因素其一：
   (1)環(huán)境：影響和制約組織活動(dòng)的各種因素的總和。
  （2）酒店市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷環(huán)境：影響和制約酒店市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)的各種酒店內(nèi)部和外部因素所組成的系統(tǒng)。
  （3）根據(jù)對(duì)酒店市場(chǎng)的影響和制約程度的不同，我們將酒店市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷環(huán)境分為酒店市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷宏觀環(huán)境和酒店市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷微觀環(huán)境兩個(gè)子系統(tǒng)。酒店市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷宏觀環(huán)境分析
    宏觀環(huán)境包括政治法律。經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境。社會(huì)文化、自然環(huán)境、人口等。酒店一切營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)都處在宏觀環(huán)境的影響之中，這些宏觀的營(yíng)銷因素都是不可控因素，酒店及其所處的微觀環(huán)境都不可避免地在宏觀力量的控制之下。這些宏觀因素即給酒店?duì)I銷提供了發(fā)展的機(jī)遇和空間，同時(shí)也在某種程度上給酒店?duì)I銷帶來(lái)了威脅。
1.政治法律環(huán)境
    政治法律環(huán)境主要指政局和政策以及行政法律干預(yù)手段等。酒店依托本國(guó)旅游及商務(wù)等產(chǎn)業(yè)的營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)受到政治法律因素的影響和制約極為重要。
    政治局勢(shì)包括國(guó)際政治局勢(shì)和國(guó)內(nèi)政治局勢(shì)。政治局勢(shì)動(dòng)蕩必然影響該國(guó)家或者地區(qū)的社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。人們出于安全考慮，必然減少或者取消對(duì)該地區(qū)的旅游或者投資計(jì)劃。而酒店的營(yíng)銷活動(dòng)需要以旅游和商務(wù)活動(dòng)為依托，也必然會(huì)受到極大影響。例如，2009年7月5日，新疆打砸搶等一系列破壞社會(huì)和諧的暴力事件，導(dǎo)致到該地區(qū)旅游的人數(shù)銳減，愿已接洽的旅游團(tuán)隊(duì)紛紛要求退團(tuán)，該地區(qū)各酒店經(jīng)營(yíng)幾乎中斷。
    政策是指政府在某一時(shí)期某一領(lǐng)域的管理方針和制度性的規(guī)定。包括經(jīng)濟(jì)政策、人口政策、就業(yè)政策、能源政策、物價(jià)政策、貨幣政策等。比如在某地區(qū)計(jì)劃引進(jìn)外資建設(shè)經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū)，需要提高該地區(qū)的接待能力和接待水平，大力扶持建設(shè)高星級(jí)酒店，并為之提供在貨款、稅收等方面的優(yōu)惠條件，對(duì)酒店而言是一個(gè)難得的發(fā)展機(jī)遇，同時(shí)對(duì)周邊相鄰的酒店構(gòu)成了極大的威脅和挑戰(zhàn)。
    行政法律包括政府的行政干預(yù)和行業(yè)相關(guān)的法律、法規(guī)。這些因素均具有強(qiáng)制性，對(duì)酒店?duì)I銷活動(dòng)造成極大影響。酒店?duì)I銷活動(dòng)必須在其許可的范圍內(nèi)，不得觸犯。
2.經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境
    一國(guó)或地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平直接影響酒店的經(jīng)營(yíng)和發(fā)展。經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境是指一國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)總量、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度等相關(guān)變量，主要包括國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值（GDP）、匯率、稅率、失業(yè)率、通貨膨脹率等。
    一個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展會(huì)帶動(dòng)該地區(qū)與其他地區(qū)及國(guó)際間的商務(wù)活動(dòng)、貿(mào)易往來(lái)和文娛事業(yè)交流頻繁，會(huì)給當(dāng)?shù)鼐频陿I(yè)帶來(lái)更多的客源。同時(shí)，由于經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，該國(guó)家或地區(qū)的投資環(huán)境也相應(yīng)有所改善和長(zhǎng)足發(fā)展，從而吸引眾多投資商紛紛登陸該區(qū)域，從客觀上刺激了該地區(qū)配套設(shè)施的建設(shè)和發(fā)展，如酒店的發(fā)展。另外，政府會(huì)根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，適時(shí)推出適宜于旅游業(yè)及酒店業(yè)發(fā)展的政策措施，并調(diào)整對(duì)酒店產(chǎn)業(yè)的投入，從而促進(jìn)整個(gè)酒店業(yè)的發(fā)展。例如，上世紀(jì)90年代，一些國(guó)外企業(yè)紛紛在廣東東莞投資辦廠，對(duì)外貿(mào)易開始興起，經(jīng)濟(jì)一片繁榮，國(guó)外一批知名酒店集團(tuán)、酒店管理公司相繼涌入東莞，給當(dāng)時(shí)東莞的酒店業(yè)帶來(lái)了生機(jī)和活力，使東莞市成為全國(guó)酒店行業(yè)最發(fā)達(dá)的地區(qū)之一。
    但另一方面，經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)蕩也會(huì)給酒店的發(fā)展帶來(lái)負(fù)面的影響。例如，2008年由美國(guó)“次貨危機(jī)”所引發(fā)的金融風(fēng)暴席卷全球，作為出口型貿(mào)易興盛的廣東東莞經(jīng)濟(jì)受到重創(chuàng)，許多國(guó)外資本收縮投資，工廠紛紛停工或者倒閉。同時(shí)，也很大程度影響到該地的酒店行業(yè)，部分酒店和餐飲企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)困難甚至倒閉。
    由此可見，經(jīng)濟(jì)水平與酒店行業(yè)的興衰休戚相關(guān)。酒店市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷過(guò)程中，要時(shí)刻關(guān)注和分析經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，力求準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)測(cè)市場(chǎng)動(dòng)向及趨勢(shì)，及時(shí)制定和調(diào)整市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷策略。
Marketing is affected by the environment, to understand the meaning of the next hotel marketing environment and the factors First:
   (1) environment: the sum of the various factors of influence and restrict the activities of the Organization. ,
  (2) Hotel Marketing environment: the system of influence and constraints of the various hotels of the hotel marketing activities of internal and external factors.
  (3) according to the different levels of impact and constraints of the hotel market, hotel marketing environment is divided into the macro environment of the Hotel Marketing and Hotel Marketing micro-environment of the two subsystems. Hotel marketing macro environment analysis
    The macro-environment, including political and legal. Economic environment. Social, cultural, natural environment, population, and so on. All marketing activities in the hotel at the impact of the macroeconomic environment, these macroscopic marketing factors are uncontrollable factors, the micro-environment of the hotel which will inevitably be under the control of the macro forces. These macroeconomic factors to the hotel marketing development opportunities and space and also to some extent pose a threat to the hotel marketing.
(1) political and legal environment
    Political and legal environment refers to the Council and the policy and administrative legal interventions. The hotel relying on domestic industries such as tourism and business marketing activities by the political and legal factors and constraints are extremely important.
    The political situation in the international political situation and the domestic political situation. Political instability will inevitably affect the social stability of the country or region. For security reasons, will be reduced or canceled in the region, tourism or investment plans. The hotel's marketing activities to tourism and business activities rely on and will surely have a great impact. For example, July 5, 2009, Xinjiang, vandalism and other incidents of violence undermine social harmony, leading to the region, the number of tourists dropped, would like to contact the tourism team have asked to be imposed for the region's hotel business is almost interrupted.
    The policy refers to a particular area in a given period, the Government policy and institutional requirements. Including economic policy, population policy, employment policy, energy policy, price policy, and monetary policy. For example, in a district plan to introduce foreign capital to build economic development zone, the need to improve the reception capacity of the region and the reception level, and vigorously support the construction of high-star hotel, and provide preferential conditions in the purchase price, taxes, etc., the hotel is a rare opportunity for development, posed a grave threat and challenge for the surrounding adjacent hotel.
    Administrative law, including the government's administrative intervention and industry-related laws and regulations. These factors are mandatory, the great impact of the hotel marketing activities. Hotel marketing activities must be within the scope of its license, shall not be violated.
(2) the economic environment
    The level of economic development in a country or region directly affect the operation and development of the hotel. Economic environment of a country's total economic output, the level of economic development, the pace of economic development and other related variables, including gross domestic product (GDP), exchange rates, tax rates, unemployment, inflation rate.
    A country or region's economic development will lead to the region and other regional and international business activities, trade and civic cause of frequent exchanges will give the local hotel industry to bring more tourists. Meanwhile, due to the economic development of the investment environment in the country or region corresponding to an improvement and rapid development, in order to attract many investors have landed in the region, from the objective to stimulate the construction and development of the region, supporting facilities such as hotels, developments. In addition, the Government will, according to the economic development, the timely introduction of policies and measures suitable for the development of tourism and hotel industries, and to adjust the investment in the hotel industry, thus contributing to the development of hotel industry as a whole. For example, in the 1990s, some foreign companies have investments in Dongguan, Guangdong and set up factories in foreign trade began to rise, economic prosperity, foreign group of well-known hotel group, hotel management companies have been the influx of Dongguan, Dongguan hotel industry vigor and vitality, Dongguan City, one of the hotel industry the most developed regions.
    But on the other hand, the economic turmoil also to the development of the hotel have a negative impact. For example, in 2008 by the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis triggered by financial turmoil sweeping the globe, as export-oriented trade flourished in Guangdong Dongguan's economy has been hit hard, many foreign capital and cut investment, factories have to lay-off or closed down. , But also a large extent, affect the hotel industry, part of the hotel and catering business difficulties and even collapse.
    Thus, the economic level of the hotel industry, the rise and fall of solidarity. Hotel marketing process, we should always pay attention to and analysis of economic development, and strive to accurately predict market movements and trends, to develop and adjust the marketing strategy.